demaree



R, G. DEMAREE VACUUM AND PRESSURE PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 20, 1927 0 INVENToR l 12a/oh Q/addm -Dgmare ATTOR N EY July 1, 1930. A

July 1, 1930.v R. G. DEMAREE v- 1,769,257

VACUUM AND PRESSUREQPUMF Filed July 2o, 1927 2 sheets-'sheet 24 @la V' INVENTOR RaW/2 @dab/en elm/fee;

- ATTORNEY Patented July l, 1930 RALPH .GLADDEN DEMAREE,

or Airliners, estimant@ VACUUM AND rnnssunn rui/ii? Application filed July My invention relates to pumps and it hasV for a purpose the provision of a pump which economically produces 1 a high degree of vacuum and pressure by rapidly revolving an obstruction in a liquid. `My invention is especially designedv for the evacuation of fluids from vessels; or for a rapid removal of vapors from the surfaces of liquids or solids contained ina closed vessel; or to generate high pressures of fluids; or to perform all of the foregoing functions vsimultaneously.

The pump is designed to take advantage of the fact that an obstacle moving through a liquid at high speeds tends to produce high positive pressures in advance of the obstacle and at the same time 10W negative pressures in the rear of the obstacle. When the velocity of travel is sufficiently high the liquid is unable to lill immediately the space left in the path of the obstacle and a vacuum or partial vacuum is thus created.'

Thepump is so designed that anobstacle is made to rotate in a liquid at high speed in such a Way that a vacuum is created in the wake of the obstacle. A path is provided for the passage of a gas, vapor or liquid to this vacuum space and the fluid expands and fills the vacuum space by virtue of the kinetic energy of the molecules of the fluid, or by virtue of any pressure of a mechanical sort which may tend to force the fluid along the passage provided leading to the vacuum space. The obstacle creating the vacuum space is so designed as to produce a turbulence in the surrounding liquid, causing the gas, vapor or liquid to be trapped and held in the liquid While the obstacle continues its motion. The fluid now rises in the surrounding liquid due to its Alovver specific gravity, and escapes at the surface of the liquid. Here it may be trapped and used to exert pressure if desired, or it may be preserved by inclosure ina suitable cogntainer. The liquid surrounding the moving obstacle is held as nearly stationary as is possible by means of vane's', screens, or other means. These means of holding the liquid are so designed as to counteractthe tendency of the rotating obstacle to generate rotary 1927. serial No. 207,181.

point out the' novel features thereofy in claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a view showing in vertical secs tion oneform of pump embodying my in. vention; f`

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional vievv .taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; f

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan vieW Yof the rotator embodied in the' pump shown' in Fiel;

Figs. 4L, 5, and Gare sectional views taken on the lines @1i-1, 5 5, and 6?-6 respectively, of Fig. 3:; Fig. -7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View of a multi-stage form of pump em= bodying my invention;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional .vievv showing another form of pump embodyingmy invention; i t

Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view showing another form of rotor adapted to :be substituted for the rotor for the pump `show/n in Fig. 1 and embodying my invention;

Fig. 10 is a sectional vieW taken on the :line 1 0-#1 0 of Fig. 9; and

Fig. 11 is a detail view of one of the agitators embodied in the rotor shownin/Figs. 9 and 10. 'v

Similar vreference characters refer to sim-v ilar parts in each of the several views.

Referring to the embodiment shown in F igs.v 1 to f6 inclusive, 15 designates the stator of the pump closed at its top by a cover 16 and provided at its bottom .with an open: ing 17 disposed axially thereof and through which extends an intake pipe'-18, the latter v being of the form shown in Fig. 1 and pro,- vded with a valve 19 by which the jgilelvery 0f `fluid t0 the stator @an be oolltrolledat the,` Will of the operator. The vv,pipe ,1.8. is. adapted ornonnection 12o-arly .Source Qtud loo such as a vessel containing a fluid and from which vessel it is desired to remove the fluid. That portion of the pipe 18 which extends upwardly through the opening 17 is sealed against the passage of liquid from the stator and around the pipe by a suitable gasket 20 secured in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1.

The cover 16 is provided with an air and liquid tight bearing 21 of suflicient extent and rigidity to prevent vibration of a shaft 22 which is journaled therein. The upper end of the shaft 22 is provided with a pulley 23 by which the shaft is adapted for connection to a motor so as to be driven thereby. The lower end of the shaft is suitably secured to a rotor designated generally at R, and by which rotary motion is imparted thereto continuously in one direction, The rotor R in the present instance comprises a pair of tubular arms 24 curved in opposite directions from their point of connection to each other and rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotor in order that their free ends will be disposed in trailing relation to the remainder of the arms when the rotor is in operation. The curvature of the arms is such that they combine to form an ogee and although I have shown only two arms it is to be understood that any number of arms may be provided without departing from the spirit of my invention. Y

The construction of the two arms is identical, and either arm is shown in Fig. 5 as a stream line cross-section to reduce to a minimum the resistance of the liquid as presented to the arm in its rotative movement. This stream line portion of the arm merges into a circular portion as it progresses toward the free end of the arm as will be seen from Fig. 6. The circular portion in-turn merges into a conical terminal portion indicated at 25, and as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, this terminal portion being provided upon its outer periphery with an annular series of projections or vanes 26 disposed spirally and projecting beyond the end of the arm with their free ends terminating abruptly or substantially at right angles to the projections. As shown in Fig. 1, the end 25 of one arm is curved upwardly while the end of the other arm is curved downwardly so that when theV rotor is in operation the two ends will travel in different horizontal planes.

At the point of connection of the two arms 24 with each other, a tubular spindle or tube 27 depends therefrom and into the adjacent vertical portion of the intake pipe 18. This spindle is provided on its inner periphery with spirally arranged ribs 28 designed for the purpose of elevating a liquid from the pipe 18 upwardly into the arms 24 under the rotative movement of the rotor. This spindle or tube has a rotating t within the pipe 18 to prevent a relatively large liow of liquid between theV two but allows enough to operate without friction.

As illustrated to advantage in Figs. 1 and 2, the stator 15 is provided interiorly with vanes and partitions for minimizing move- Vment of a liquid contained in the stator in order that the rotor R may operate efliciently in producing vacuums within the liquid, as will be described hereinafter.

In the present instance I provide partitions 29 arranged one above the other within the stator and all perforated and formed with axial openings to receive the shaft and rotor spindle. At the under sides of the partitions spiral vanes 30 are secured, and these vanes are perforated as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. Between the partitions and the spiral vanes are vertical vanes 31 arranged at intervals about the inner periphery of the stator as illustrated in Fig. 2.

lVhen the rotor R is in operation the level of the liquid contained in the stator is above the uppermost partition 29, as illustrated by the dash line 82 in Fig. 1, so that all of the partitions and vanes are submerged. The partitions function to check rising movement of the liquid and yet allow the escape of the fluid being pumped. The spiral vanes 30 counteract rotational and centrifugal motions of the liquid, while the vanes 31 furtner check rotational movement of the liquid. Y

The uid which escapes through the liquid in the stator is trapped in the stator above the liquid, but can be released as required through an outlet pipe 33 extended through the cover 16 'and provided with a valve 84 for controlling the exhaust of pressure fluid.

The operation of the pump is as follows:

Vith the rotator R rapidly rotating in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3 and the pipe 18 connected to the source of fluid which it is desired to pump, vacuum spaces will be formed in thel liquid contained in the stator directly in the wake of the arm ends 25. Resultant of these vacuum spaces an induced suction or negative pressure is created within the tubular arms 24 which acts to draw fluid from the pipe 18 through the spindle 27 and into the arms 24, the fluid finally discharging from the arm ends 25 into the stator liquid. As the space between the pipe 18 and the tube 27 is such as to prevent a relatively large flow of liquid therethrough, it will be evident that the actual volume of liquid thus passing downward between the two tubes 27 and the pipe 18 is very much smaller than the total volume of fluid passing upward through the tube. Hence, it is impossible for the liquid to permanently lill the tube. Further, as the pressure in the rotor is at all times lower than the pressure in the pipe 18, the fluid in the pipe tends to force a passage into the message' tube so that should the tube be temporarily blocked by the pump liquid, the fluid in the pipe will force the liquid ahead of it and thus open the tube to the interior of the rotor. The projections 26 produce la turbulence in the liquid surrounding the vacuum spaces thereby causing the incoming fluid to be trapped and held in the liquid while the rotator continues its motion.

These projections are constructed so as to offer as little resistance as possible to the motion of the rotor arms in the liquid except the very ends of the projections which abruptly terminate so that a vacuum is created due tothe inability of the liquid to stream around the projection ends and fill the space behind such ends. As previously described, these projections extend beyond the conical arm end, the vacuum tending to draw the liquid through the opening between the projections which, coupled with the whirling created, Vacts more effectively to trap and remove the fluid emerging from the arm.

The fluid is subsequently liberated so that it now rises in the liquid due to its lower specific gravity and finally escapes at the surface of the liquid. Here it `may be trapped by closing'of the valve 34 so that a pressure of the fluid is' built up Within the stator, and this fluid pressure may be released as desired to perform any useful function. By reason of the vanes and partitions the liquid surrounding the rotor is held as nearly stationary as is possible so as to counteract the tendency of the rotor to generate rotary and centrifugal force in the liquid and to thus reduce the vacuum creating property of the liquid and rotor.

In the foregoing operation, I have described a pump as handling fluids, and it will be understood that the pump is capable of pumping any gas, vapor or liquid of a specific gravity which is lower than that of the pumping liquid employed or the same.

Referring now to Fig. 7, I here show another form of pump embodying my invention, to illustrate that a pump of the general form shown in Fig. l canv be designed in two or more stages and operated in series. In this embodiment of my invention the stator l5 is provided with a single partition formed with an axial opening through which the rotor shaft 36 extends. The shaft 36 is constructed to provide two tubes or spindles 37 and 38 corresponding in construction to the spindle 27 in that they are provided interiorly with spiral ribs 28 for the elevation of liquids and have a rotating t to prevent a relatively large down flow of liquid therearound but to allow enough to operate without friction. Between the spindles the shaft is provided with arms 24a, and above the spindle 38 the shaft is `wardly through the shaft and in a manner to cause thefluid to be discharged through the arms. n The spindle 38 is provided with openings at a point below the partition 35 through which the pump fluid as discharged from the lower rotor will pass into the spindle 38 for ultimate discharge from l the arms 241 of the upper rotor;

v In operation, the fluid to be pumped enters through pipe 18 and passes through the first stage exactly as described in connection with the pump shown in Fig. l. After ejection from the ends of the arms 24a the fluid rises through the liquid in the stator beneath the partition 35, the level of which liquid is indicatedby the line 4l. It then enters the spindle 38 through the openings l40 and similarly passes through the arms 24b of the upper rotor. Any surplus pump liquid beneath the partition 35 is automatically removed to a point above the partition and the level automatically maintained by the plosition of the openings 40; When the pump is stopped the part of the liquid above the partition 35 will pass through the rotor arms and down through the spindle 38 into they chamber beneath the partition` 35 pos'- sibly lling the air space above the liquid in the lowerc'hambe'r; but this liquid is pumped back into the upper chamber as soon as the pump resumes operation. Leakage of the pump liquid around the spindles 37 and 38 is not a serious objection as it is immediately forced back into the corresponding chamber' of the stator'.

Referring now to Fig. 8, I have here shown' a lthird form of pump embodying my invention, which comprises Aa stator v42) adapted to contain a liquid and provided with a fluid inlet 43.- Within the stator is a rotor l44 which is adapted to be rotated in the direction of the arrow by any suitable means. Y This rotor comprises an annular body 44?L provided with radial blades 44b arranged at regular spaced intervals about the body. This pump provides for a rapid circular motion of the liquid contained in the annular space between the 'statorand rotor. The fluid to be pumped is'l admitted at the inlet 43 and is trapped by the moving liquid at theopening 45 between the stator and a deflecting plate 46. This plate 46 ispr'of vided with projections 47 at its inner end for the purpose of producing the necessary turbulence. The incoming fluid rises above the surface of the pump liquid and escapes through a high pressure opening (not Shown);

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Referring to Fig. 9, 1 have here shown a third form of rotor embodying my invention. This rotor comprises a disc-shaped body 48 Which may be made solid or hollow, as shown. 1t is interiorly constructed to provide an axially and vertically disposed passage 49 Which communicates With radial passages 50. The passages 50 in turn communicate at their outer ends With channels 51 formed in the periphery of the body 48 and extending in opposed directions from the passages 50. These channels are of graduated depth With the deep ends communicating with the passages 50.

In practice, this rotor, When rapidly rotated in a counterclockvvise direction in the stator 15, functions in the same manner as that described in connection With the rotor R of the pump shovvn in Fig. 1. The iiuid being pumped rises Within the passage 19 and is discharged radially through the passages 50 into the vacuum spaces formed in the Wake of the channels 51. The required whirling motion of the pump liquid surrounding these vacuum spaces is generated by the provision of bifurcated plates 52 secured to the periphery of the body 48 by bolts 53 so that the projections formed by the bifurcations are disposed at the deep ends of the channels 51. Y

An important feature of my invention is that the pump after reaching a constant speed Will produce a definite pressure or vacuum, and once such pressure or vacuum is attained the pump Will not operate to increase it beyond this maximum so that it may be said that the pump ceases to function. This is contrary to present pumps Where the pressure or vacuumk continues to build up orincrease after the pump has attained a constant definite speed.

Another important feature of my invention is the adaptation of the pump as an evaporator or gasifier of liquids. In this adaptation the inlet valve 19 is closed and communicating with the. inlet, and arms lixed to the spindle for rotationin the liquid, said arms being rearwardly curved in respect to their direction of rotation and tubular with their free ends open and provided with spiral projections for the purpose described. Y

2. A pump comprising a stator adapted to contain liquid and having a fluid inlet, and a rotorcomprising a tubular spindle communicating With the inlet, and arms fixed to the spindle for rotation in the liquid, said arms being lrearwardly curved in respect to their direction of rotation and tubular With'rtheir free ends open and provided With spiral projections extending beyond the ends and having abruptly terminating free ends.

3. A pumpV comprising a stator adapted to contain liquid and having a fluid inlet, and a rotor comprising a tubular spindle communicating with the inlet and arms connected to the spindle for rotation in the liquid, each arm having that portion adjacent the spindle of stream line cross-section and merging into a portion of circular cross-section, and the latterportion merging into a conical terminal portion.

4. A pump as embodied in claim 3 Wherein, the terminal portion is provided With exterior projections for producing a turbulent motion of the liquid beyond the terminal portion.

RALPH G. DEMAREE.

With the rotor rapidly rotating in aV body of liquid, for example gasoline, the vacuum spaces produced in the Wake of the arm ends 25 causes the liquid to evaporate therein thus converting it into a gas or vapor which rises through the latter and is compressed above the liquid providing the outlet valve 34 is closed.

Although I have herein shown and described only four forms of vacuum and pressure pumps embodying my invention, it is to be understood that variouschanges and modifications may be made herein Without departing from the spirit of the invention and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A pump comprising a stator adapted to contain liquid and having a iiuid inlet, and a rotor comprising a tubular spindle 

